Reaction Plan on Global Warming Essay

Global warming refers to an increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect, in which gases in the upper atmosphere trap solar radiation close to the planet’s surface instead of allowing it to dissipate into space. Both natural and human-made conditions can contribute to global warming, but human beings can do several things to reduce the effects. The biggest cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide released when fossil fuels — such as oil and coal — are burned for energy. So when you save energy, you fight global warming and save money, too. Here are some easy steps that you can take to help make a difference: 1. Limit Private Vehicle Driving. A very easy way to control ozone depletion would be to limit or reduce the amount of driving as vehicular emissions eventually result in smog which is a culprit in the deterioration of the ozone layer. Walk, bike or take the bus more often. You’ll save one pound of carbon d ioxide for every mile you don’t drive. 2. Use Eco-friendly Household Cleaning Products. Usage of eco-friendly and natural cleaning products for household chores is a great way to prevent ozone depletion. This is because many of these cleaning agents contain toxic chemicals that interfere with the ozone layer. A lot of supermarkets and health stores sell cleaning products that are toxic-free and made out of natural ingredients. 3. Avoid Using Pesticides. Pesticides may be an easy solution for getting rid of weed, but are harmful for the ozone layer. The best solution for this would be to try using natural remedies, rather than heading out for pesticides. You can perhaps try to weed manually or mow your garden consistently so as to avoid weed-growth. 4. Don’t Burn Your Trash. Every burning emits carbon dioxide especially plastic. Instead of burning your waste, segregate them and some things like cans and plastic can be sold while some can be recycled. 5. Plant a Tree. A single tree will absorb one ton of carbon  dioxide over its lifetime. Because carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas, planting trees and other plants can slow or stop global warming. Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. They use carbon to build their own tissues and return some of it to the soil in a process called sequestration. Deforestation of rain forests is a large contributor to global warming and CO2 emissions, but planting new trees, even in your own backyard, can help to offset this. 6. Turn off Electronic Devices. Simply turning off your television, stereo and computer when you’re not using them will save you thousands of pounds of carbon dioxide a year. 7. Conserve Water. Turn off water immediately whenever you’re not using it, and repair or replace leaky faucets and toilets. 8. Change a Light. Replacing one regular light bulb with a compact fluorescent bulb will save 150 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Wherever practical, replace regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs. CFLs last 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, use two-thirds less energy, and give off 70 percent less heat. 9. Reduce Fossil Fuel Use. Burning fossil fuels increases the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. There are two ways to reduce fossil fuel use: Use less energy, or use alternative, nonpolluting energy sources like solar and wind power 1) At home, this translates to saving electricity by using energy-efficient appliances and compact fluorescent light bulbs, as well as reducing gasoline use and buying green power from your electricity provider, if available. 10. Reduce Waste. The production of garbage contributes to global warming both directly and indirectly. Decomposing waste in landfills produces methane and other greenhouse gases. Waste also requires energy to manufacture in the first place. Reducing your consumption patterns and reusing items whenever possible minimizes your carbon footprint, since fewer new items need to be made. Recycling metal, plastic, glass and paper lowers greenhouse gas emissions, since recycled items take far less energy to manufacture than items produced from scratch. 11. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. Do your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging (including the economy size when that makes sense for you) will help to reduce waste. And whenever you can, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If there isn’t a recycling program at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one. By recycling half of your household  waste, you can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide annually. 12. Tell Others about Global Warming. Many Filipinos are still not aware of this frightening situation of our world. Tell it to your friends, neighbors and to your classmates.

Terrorism And Human Rights Abuses

Terrorism and Human Rights Abuses in the Balkans, Eastern Europe and the Persian Gulf The Balkans, despite being a relatively small area, is home to an expansive assortment of nationalities, cultures and religions (Popescu, 2008). Hence, it is inevitable that any changes in the balance between them will have important political, social and economic consequences that will affect the entire region (Popescu, 2008). Terrorist groups took advantage of the instability brought about by the distrust of Balkan societies in their respective governments (Popescu, 2008).As a result, they easily turned the region into a breeding ground for extremist and fundamentalist groups, as well as a â€Å"transit corridor† for missions in third countries (Popescu, 2008). The war in Bosnia-Herzegovina in the 1990s, for instance, originated from the desire of the Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) to establish an Islamic state (Popescu, 2008). They used Islam as a â€Å"nationalistic rhetoric,† equating the survival of their country with the restoration of Muslim national identity (Popescu, 2008).The Bosniaks were supported by Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Libya and Iran, providing them with weapons and soldiers (Popescu, 2008). From 1992 to 1995, 6,000 â€Å"Arab-Afghan† rebels came to the country to fight in the hostility (Popescu, 2008). After 9/11, majority of the charitable institutions in Bosnia-Herzegovina were investigated and closed down due to their alleged ties with terrorist organizations like the Al-Qaeda (Popescu, 2008). In March 2002, police raided the BosanskaIdealna Futura-BIF, a Sarajevo-based humanitarian organization (Popescu, 2008). They found military manuals, forged passports, weapons and personal correspondence between Osama bin Laden and BIF founder Enaam Mahmud Arnaout (Popescu, 2008). Human rights abuses by Persian Gulf nations (Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, etc. ) and terrorist attacks against US interests were b oth intended to supress political opposition. Despite publicly denouncing â€Å"American imperialism,† the aforementioned countries are notorious for grossly violating the human rights of their citizens (Simbulan, 2002).Majority of political prisoners in the Persian gulf nations were detained for speaking out against corruption and totalitarianism in their respective countries (Simbulan, 2002). Prominent Omani playwright and human rights activist Abdullah Ryami was imprisoned on July 2005 for vocally criticizing the Omani government's arrest and trial of 31 Omanis belonging to the Ibadi sect for allegedly plotting a coup (Human Rights Watch, 2005). At the time of his incarceration, he had no contact with his family or a legal counsel (Human Rights Watch, 2005).He was also banned from writing in newspapers and producing plays for television (Human Rights Watch, 2005). On December 2007, activists in Bahrain staged a series of demonstrations to â€Å"mark abuses by security for ces during political unrest in the 1990s† (Human Rights Watch, 2008). Dozens of people were arrested in the violent dispersals that ensued, including opposition political activists who protested the Bahraini government's repression of civil liberties (Human Rights Watch, 2008). In January 2008, detainees complained of being subjected to physical and sexual abuse by interrogators and jailers (Human Rights Watch, 2008).The prisoners' request for independent physicians to examine the extent of their injuries was also denied (Human Rights Watch, 2008). The collapse of the Soviet Union contributed to terrorist activities in Eastern Europe by making its newly-formed republics more vulnerable to American military intervention (Howstuffworks, 2008). After the Soviet bloc fell, the US emerged as the world's remaining superpower (Howstuffworks, 2008). The breakup of the Soviet Union granted the US easy access to its natural resources, particularly oil (Howstuffworks, 2008). The paragrap h below summarized the region's potential:Afghanistan occupies the central position in the U. S. strategy for the economic control of the oil and gas resources in the entire Middle East. The U. S. currently imports 51 per cent of its crude oil – 19. 5 million barrels daily. The Energy Information Administration estimates that by 2020, the U. S. will import 64 per cent of its crude – 25. 8 million barrels a day. Caspian region oil reserves might be the third largest in the world (after Western Siberia and the Persian Gulf) and, within the next 15 to 20 years, may be large enough to offset Persian Gulf oil.Caspian Sea oil and gas are not the only hydrocarbon deposits in the region. Turkmenistan's Karakum Desert holds the world's third largest gas reserves – three trillion cubic meters – and has six billion barrels of estimated oil reserves. Current estimates indicate that, in addition to huge gas deposits, the Caspian basin may hold as much as 200 billion b arrels of oil – 33 times the estimated holdings of Alaska's North Slope and a current value of $4 trillion. It is enough to meet the U. S. ‘ energy needs for 30 years or more (Yechury, 2001).Hence, it was no longer surprising if the US declared war against the Taliban regime of Afghanistan. But majority of the extremist and terrorist groups in the former Soviet Bloc and in Eastern Europe are allied with the Taliban, as the Taliban provided them with weapons, training and manpower (Godoy, 2001). Therefore, the US will have to face a bigger threat of terrorism in Eastern Europe. References __________. (2002, October). The Oil Equation in the US Bid against Iraq. Education for Development, 1, 15-16. Capdevila, G. (2002, October).Outgoing UN Human Rights Chief Repeats Criticisms against US. Education for Development, 1, 30-31. Deen, T. (2002, October). UN Credibility at Stake over Iraq, Warn Diplomats. Education for Development, 1, 10-11. Godoy, J. (2001, November 15). US P olicy Towards Taliban Influenced by Oil – Authors. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://www. commondreams. org/headlines01/1115-06. htm. Howstuffworks. (2008). The Fall of the Soviet Union and the Rise of Terrorism. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://history. howstuffworks. com/cold-war/the-cold-war-timeline4.htm. Human Rights Watch. (2005, July 18). Oman: Critics Subjected to Injustices They Had Exposed. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2005/07/18/oman11343. htm. Human Rights Watch. (2008, January 21). Bahrain: Investigate Alleged Torture of Activists. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2008/01/21/bahrai17838. htm. Human Rights Watch. (2008, February 16). Bahrain: New Allegations of Detainee Abuse. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2008/02/16/bahrai18083.htm. Lobe, J. (2002, October). US Vision of Might and Right. Education for Development, 1, 3-5. Popescu, Teodora. (2008). Tackling T errorism in the Balkans. PDF File. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from sparky. harvard. edu/kokkalis/GSW9/Popescu_paper. pdf. Simbulan, R. (2002, October). Why the UN Must Defend Iraq against the US War of Aggression. Education for Development, 1, 48-50. Yechury, Sitram. (2001). America, Oil and Afghanistan. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://www. hinduonnet. com/2001/10/13/stories/05132524. htm.

Was Napoleon Bonaparte a Hero or a Villain Essays

Was Napoleon Bonaparte a hero or a villain? During the Napoleonic Era, from 1799 to 1815, France became a military power gaining and controlling land throughout Europe. While some historians believe Napoleon Bonaparte was a ruthless dictator, his military accomplishments far outweigh any atrocities he committed. He helped France gain stability after the French Revolution and he also abolished the Feudal contract. Napoleon was a brilliant strategist using military tactics to cause fear and to defeat whatever enemies stood in his way. Throughout his rule, Napoleon continually gained ground, and by the end of his reign, his empire encompassed all of Spain, Italy, and a small portion of land by Russia and Austria. (see map) He is one of†¦show more content†¦He knew that regular canons balls would not work but if something that could shoot many projectiles at once would be deadly and effective. He lined up his cannons filled with small pebbles and glass shards. This dispersed the crowd very quickly. This is what would be come to be known as the Famous ``Whiff of Grapeshot.`` For his accomplishment he was awarded the army of Italy. It consisted of 30,000 underfed underpaid and was faced with the task of invading Italy. He won crucial battles that demoralized the Italian army. An example of this is when he faced The Austrians and the Piedmontese. He divided each army and defeated them separately. After the battle was over he said to his troops â€Å"soldiers, we thank you† and gave them their first real money in years. He gained a lot of ground for France and thus increased his national prestige. He made many good changes for France. One of the most important was he brought France out of the chaotic period of the Revolution. Without him the turmoil would have continued and France would be an entirely different country. Another significant thing he did was he created the Napoleonic Code. It was a very basic code of civil laws. This set of laws prevented people from being born into power. It made people work for a high prestige of power not just given to them by birth. The code also allowed freedom of religion. This code helped shaped many laws that are still used today like the constitution of laws that is currently beingShow MoreRelatedNapoleon Bonaparte A Hero Or A Villain?1624 Words   |  7 Pagesthe fact that Napoleon Bonaparte was a significant character in France. However, there have been debates among historians for years around the central question: â€Å"Was Napoleon Bonaparte a hero or a villain?† The answer here relies on how one looks upon the situation. Was Napoleon Bonaparte a savior to the French, or was he a tyrant to the French? Although many historians’ answers do rely deeply onto perspective, their answers also lie within which stage of life Napoleon Bonaparte was in, as well asRead MoreComparison Of Napoleon Bonaparte A Hero Or Villain909 Words   |  4 Pagesthe fact that Napoleon Bonaparte was a significant character in France. However, there have been debates among historians for years around the central question: â€Å"Was Napoleon Bonaparte a hero or a villain?† The answer here relies on how one looks upon the situation. Was Napoleon Bonaparte a savior to the French, or was he a tyrant to the French? Although many historians’ answers do rely deeply onto perspective, their answers also lie within which stage of life Napoleon Bonaparte was in, as well asRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte : Hero Or Villain1862 Words   |  8 PagesNapoleon: Hero or Villain Essay True heros have consistently been shown to encompass villainous characteristics and Napoleon Bonaparte, although a tyrannical ruler, was no exception to this rule. The term hero at its core refers to an inspiring individual who is idealized for their courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. This person manages to not only overcome the tragic situation at hand, but conjointly is able to win over the public’s admiration. Contrastingly, a villain is definedRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte has been called a hero by some and a villain by many others. He was the First Consul of France, then the emperor of France, and finally an outlaw. Napoleon had a meteoric rise to power in the late 18th century, and lasted to the early 19th century. He was able to rise to power through his great military victories and he was able to keep his power by fending off enemies in wars and with some reforms. Napoleon started his life good, but different than many French rulers. NapoleonRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte - Villain or Hero?889 Words   |  4 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte was inarguably an important figure in the history of France and Europe. However, there has been much controversy over the subject in the past. Would history perceive him as a hero or an enemy of France and the world? Many twentieth-century dictators would later model themselves on Napoleon, more than a hundred years after his death. Napoleon was not the first dictator, so why was he such an important figurehead for future dictators? Some historians may consider that Napoleon wasRead MoreThe Evolution of the Hero1960 Words   |  8 Pagesthink we know a hero when we see one. But pinning down those attributes is a challenge; your hero may not look much like mine. So it s worth asking: Are there certain immutable characteristics that have defined heroism across the ages? The men and women on the following pages are individuals of extraordinary distinction, but how do they stack up ag ainst the legends of the past? Although there are some timeless, universal qualities known as heroic, throughout history the idea of the hero has fluctuatedRead MoreUnited States History Research Project2148 Words   |  9 Pagespositive aspects that occurred in Jesse James’ life. If one knew the general idea of who James was, they would automatically assume he was either a really bad person or an historical hero. Many songs, books, and news articles were written in the context of him being an American hero. On the other hand, some believe that the large amount of crimes he has committed were superior over his good doings in life which was not very much. I have searched through the campus library and scholarly databases findingRead MoreThe Role of Fate in Romeo and Juliet2091 Words   |  9 Pageseither tragedy or comedy, this polarity of themes allowing him to experiment with the full range of human emotions. Typically, an integral part of a Shakespearean tragedy is love, which is frustrated by a breakdown in order, or the character of the hero, due to some human limitation. The play Romeo and Juliet has all these typical characteristics. However, the resultant conclusion of events for the characters in this tragedy is adversely affected by the hands of fate, and not solely the product ofRead MoreThe Role of Fate in Romeo and Juliet2082 Words   |  9 Pageseither tragedy or comedy, this polarity of themes allowing him to experiment with the full range of human emotions. Typically, an integral part of a Shakespearean tragedy is love, which is frustrated by a breakdown in order, or the character of the hero, due to some human limit ation. The play Romeo and Juliet has all these typical characteristics. However, the resultant conclusion of events for the characters in this tragedy is adversely affected by the hands of fate, and not solely the product ofRead MoreAlexander The Great Of The Greatest Military Geniuses2832 Words   |  12 Pagesor more commonly known as Alexander the Great ( Greek: á ¼Ë†ÃŽ »ÃŽ ­ÃŽ ¾ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ´Ã ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š á ½  ÃŽÅ"ÃŽ ­ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ±Ãâ€š) was destined to be a king. Alexander the Great was also considered one of the greatest military geniuses in history. He was the inspiration for many great leaders and warriors in later generations of many different cultures. Hannibal Barca once ranked Alexander as the â€Å"greatest general in all of the world†. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, Napolà ©on Bonaparte, and Julius Caesar are just several of the many that were inspired. Even Julius

Word Order in English Sentences

Word order  refers to the conventional arrangement of words in a phrase, clause, or sentence. Compared with many other languages, word order in English is fairly rigid. In particular, the order of subject, verb, and object is relatively inflexible. Examples and Observations I cant see the point of Mozart. Of Mozart I cant see the point. The point of Mozart I cant see. See I cant of Mozart the point. Cant I of Mozart point the see . . . I cant see the point of Mozart.  (Sebastian Faulks, Engleby. Doubleday, 2007)[A] characteristic of modern English, as of other modern languages, is the use of word-order as a means of grammatical expression. If in an English sentence, such as The wolf ate the lamb, we transpose the positions of the nouns, we entirely change the meaning of the sentence; the subject and object are not denoted by any terminations to the words, as they would be in Greek or Latin or in modern German, but by their position before or after the verb.(Logan Pearsall Smith, The English Language, 1912) Basic Word Order in Modern English Assume you wanted to say that a chicken crossed the road in Modern English. And assume you are interested only in stating the facts--no questions asked, no commands, and no passive. You wouldnt have much of a choice, would you? The most natural way of stating the message would be as in (18a), with the subject (in caps) preceding the verb (in boldface) which, in turn, precedes the object (in italics). For some speakers (18b) would be acceptable, too, but clearly more marked, with particular emphasis on the road. Many other speakers would prefer to express such an emphasis by saying something like Its the road that the chicken crossed, or they would use a passive The road was crossed by the chicken. Other permutations of (18a) would be entirely unacceptable, such as (18c)-(18f). (18a) THE CHICKEN crossed the road[Basic, unmarked order](18b) the road THE CHICKEN crossed[Marked order; the road is in relief](18c) THE CHICKEN the road crossed*(18d) the road crossed THE CHICKEN*[But note constructions like: Out of the cave came A TIGER.](18e) crossed the road THE CHICKEN*(18f) crossed THE CHICKEN the road* In this respect, Modern English differs markedly from the majority of the early Indo-European languages, as well as from Old English, especially the very archaic stage of Old English found in the famous epic Beowulf. In these languages, any of the six different orders in (18) would be acceptable . . ..(Hans Henrich Hock and Brian D. Joseph, Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship: An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics. Mouton de Gruyter, 1996) Word Order in Old English, Middle English, and Modern English Certainly, word order is critical in Modern English. Recall the famous example: The dog bit the man. This utterance means something totally different from The man bit the dog. In Old English, word endings conveyed which creature is doing the biting and which is being bitten, so there was built-in flexibility for word order. Inflection telling us dog-subject bites man-object allows words to be switched around without confusion: man-object bites dog-subject. Alerted that the man is the object of the verb, we can hold him in mind as the recipient of a bite made by a subject we know will be revealed next: dog.By the time English evolved into Middle English, loss of inflection meant that nouns no longer contained much grammatical information. On its own, the word man could be a subject or an object, or even an indirect object (as in The dog fetched the man a bone). To compensate for this loss of information that inflection has provided, word order became critically important. If the man a ppears after the verb bite, we know hes not the one doing the biting: The dog bit the man. Indeed, having lost so much inflection, Modern English relies heavily on word order to convey grammatical information. And it doesnt much like having its conventional word order upset.  (Leslie Dunton-Downer, The English Is Coming!: How One Language Is Sweeping the World. Simon Schuster, 2010) Adverbials One way to find out whether a sentence part is a subject or not is to make the sentence into a  question. The subject will appear after the first verb: He told me to add one tablespoon of honey per pound of fruit.Did he tell me . . .?We spread a thin layer of fruit on each plate.Did we spread . . .? The only constituent that may occur in many different places is an adverbial. Especially one-word adverbials like not, always, and often may occur almost anywhere in the sentence. In order to see if a sentence part is an adverbial or not, see if it is possible to move it in the sentence.(Marjolijn Verspoor and Kim Sauter, English Sentence Analysis: An Introductory Course. John Benjamins, 2000) The Lighter Side of Word Order in Monty Pythons Flying Circus Burrows: Good doctor morning! Nice year for the time of day!Dr. Thripshaw: Come in.Burrows: Can I down sit?​Dr. Thripshaw: Certainly. Well, then?Burrows: Well, now, not going to bush the doctor about the beat too long. Im going to come to point the straight immediately.Dr. Thripshaw: Good, good.Burrows: My particular prob, or buglem bear, Ive had ages. For years, Ive had it for donkeys.Dr. Thripshaw: What?Burrows: Im up to here with it, Im sick to death. I cant take you any longer so Ive come to see it.Dr. Thripshaw: Ah, now this is your problem with words.​Burrows: This is my problem with words. Oh, that seems to have cleared it. Oh I come from Alabama with my banjo on my knee. Yes, that seems to be all right. Thank you very much.​Dr. Thripshaw: I see. But recently you have been having this problem with your word order.Burrows: Well, absolutely, and what makes it worse, sometimes at the end of a sentence Ill come out with the wrong fusebox.Dr. Thripshaw: Fusebox ?Burrows: And the thing about saying the wrong word is a) I dont notice it, and b) sometimes orange water given bucket of plaster.br/>(Michael Palin and John Cleese in episode 36 of Monty Pythons Flying Circus, 1972)

Essay about The Motives for Which They Fought - 1211 Words

The Motives for Which They Fought The reasons given for why Civil War soldiers fought are abundant, but among the vast array of motives, only a few could be taken into careful consideration. Some argue that the main interest for both the North and South was political in nature, reasoning that if the government fell, so would the future and characteristics of both nations. Consequently, some of the various diaries and personal accounts affirm that soldiers felt an overwhelming sense of duty, which extended first to their closest relatives and friends, this being the principal driving force motivating them to enlist. However, what surely remains is thousands on both sides gave up their lives for what they considered a necessary cause.†¦show more content†¦People in a close community could question, or look down on a man who would cower down and not protect his family from harm. Many of these soldiers could have thought the same, reasoning that; protecting their family meant to fight for their country. McPherson stresses the evidence that the soldiers in the North, assumed that â€Å"Republican Liberty† was worth dying for, even towards the last days of the war. Northerners view of liberty was to defend the republican freedoms that some in the Union acknowledged as a preceding lineage of generational heritage. Thus, the importance of family history was due to the closeness of the period between the American Revolution, and 1861. What many of their grandparents fought for generated a sense that they were indeed part of something great, which was sure to endure. The South’s investment in slavery inclined many Southerners to have a point of view distinctively different with those in the Union. The authors illustrate how both sides perceived a deep gratitude owed to the Founding Fathers and the legacy of the Revolution. However, the Founding Fathers concept of independence was somewhat differing from those in new Confederate nation. McPherson brings up the point of how these men of the American Revolution were not entirely satisfied with holding slaves, while fighting a war of independence. The author stated that, Confederates claimed â€Å"to fight for liberty and independence from a tyrannical government,† while,Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Motives for Which They Fought2439 Words   |  10 PagesThe causes of the Civil War are somewhat unique when compared to other struggles throughout history. Conflicting ideas of liberty and political ideologies, makes one question the motives of those who gave up their lives, family, a nd future for such a cause. Some historians agree that the main interest for both the North and South was political in nature, arguing that if the government fell, so would the future and characteristics of both nations. This linkage of God, family, and homeland droveRead MoreEssay about The Motives for Which They Fought2481 Words   |  10 PagesThe Motives for Which They Fought The reasons given for why Civil War soldiers fought are abundant, but among the vast array of motives, only a few could be taken into careful consideration. Some historians agree that the main interest for both the North and South was political in nature, arguing that if the government fell, so would the future and characteristics of both nations. Consequently, some of the various diaries and personal accounts affirm that soldiers felt an overwhelming sense ofRead MoreThe Many Reasons For The Civil War1203 Words   |  5 Pages2015 The Many Reason The Fought The Civil War began when the Southern Slave States seceded from the Northern Free States due to uncompromising polarity and formed the Confederate States of America. This four year war over the power of the national government to forbid slavery in the regions that hadn’t yet become states claimed more lives than any other war in American History. In his book, What They Fought For, 1861-1865, James McPherson examines the feelings and motives of both Union and ConfederateRead MoreTypes of Conflict1209 Words   |  5 PagesMinding the different reasons of wars as inferred by the several political philosophies, it is essential to classify the motives of war. According to Seyon (1987), this can be accomplished by â€Å"differentiating the types of conflicts.†(Seyon 254) Firstly, at the international structure level, conflicts are every so often fought for the reason of an emptiness of power. The reason of war on this level is generally due to the absence of a totalitarian leader or a principal country. This internationalRead MoreEssay on A Hidden Hero in William Carlos Williams’ The Use of Force597 Words   |  3 PagesA Hidden Hero The doctor in William Carlos Williams’ The Use of Force ultimately saves Mathilda’s life but under what motive? His motive to win the battle against her or the motive to actually try to cure her? The fact that Mathilda’s life is on the line brings out the heroic attributes of the doctor in the story. In the end, even though the doctor has malicious thoughts, the doctor is a hero because he ultimately saves Mathilda’s life and continues with helping Mathilda despite her every attemptRead MoreThe Colonization Of The New World1068 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1689 to 1763, almost 200 years after Columbus’ discovery of the New World, several European nations fought to acquire their share of America’s wealth. The Spanish, leaders in the exploration of the New World, were the first to colonize the Americas. In 1494, two years after Columbus’ expeditions, the Treaty of Tordesillas was ratified by the Pope. This treaty split the New World betwee n Portugal and Spain. By the mid 1500s, Spain had gained control of much of western South America, Central AmericaRead MoreBeowulf, Grendel s Mother, And A Dragon878 Words   |  4 Pagesthe death of her son and attacks Herot and kills one of the advisors to Hrothgar, the Danish king. Beowulf is then motivated to kill Grendel’s mother to avenge the death of the killed advisor, a similar motive to Grendel’s mother, and for the glory of being the one who brings peace to Herot, which is the same reason why he was motivated to kill Grendel. To prepare to fight Grendel’s mother Beowulf leads a group of soldiers to the lake the monster lives in, keeps his armour, and accepts an ancientRead MoreDifferences Between Union And Confederate Motives Within The Civil War Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pages Differences between Union and Confederate Motives within the Civil War The Civil War was a time of major upheaval within America. Major issues such as slavery divided the states and threw the nation in all different directions. As Abraham Lincoln was elected into the presidency in 1860, South Carolina along with 10 other southern states began seceding from the union. Their reasoning for secession included those of protecting the institution of slavery and state’s rights. TheseRead MoreWas The Civil War Really About Slavery?1467 Words   |  6 Pages Jesus Cisneros Professor Frose History 11 27 October 2015 Was The Civil War Really about Slavery? Was the Civil War really about slavery? Often, there is conflict surrounding the Civil War and why it was fought. Overwhelmingly, most people believe the motive for The Civil War was slavery. However, Many Historians argue that other factors must have superseded the cause of the Civil War: factors including states rights, economic differences between Northern and Southern States, and social reputationRead MoreEssay on What They Fought for708 Words   |  3 PagesWhat They Fought For 1861 - 1865 This book was a good analysis of Civil War soldiers diaries, and letters to their loved ones. Which explains what they were going through in their lives and what they fought for and risked their lives for in this conflict. In the book the author James M. McPherson uses information from l00s of diaries and letters from the soldiers to learn why they fought in this war. The Union soldiers fought to preserve the Nation that was created in 1776, to save it

Employee Performance & Motivation-Free-Samples Myassignementhelp

Question: Discuss about the Influence of Organisational Culture on Employee Performance and Motivation in Australian Superstores. Answer: I have gone through the assignments and it has helped me to learn many things. I have come to know about the importance of organizational culture in an organization that has direct and indirect impacts on the performances of the employees. The leaders have the roles and responsibilities to create and maintain a good and positive culture whether it is in any corporate or in any superstores (Alvesson and Sveningsson, 2015). I have learnt that a culture has influences on the economic performance of an organization. The journal has taught me that a supportive organizational culture has the capability of becoming one of the best motivational tools that can force employees in working efficiently and productivity will be improved. This has been the most critical issue of most of the companies as to how a good organizational culture can be maintained. A good organizational culture has enormous effects on the brand image and loyalty of a company as far as I have leant. The productivity of a c ompany is directly related to the motivational levels of the employees that are provided by a good culture (Nica, 2013). Every company is having some values and ethics, which the employees should abide by so that there is a good bonding and understanding between them. I have recognized certain factors like growth opportunities, social security, job enrichment and enlargement, rewards and recognitions and appraisal that can help in creation of a good organizational culture (Hogan and Coote, 2014). After going through the journal, I have come to know about many things that will help me in many ways. This experience will help me in the future in various ways. When I become a leader in any organization in future, I will be able to create a good organizational culture so that I can get the best productivity for my company. I will be able to motivate my employees and tell them to abide by the rules. I have also leant that several motivational factors will help me to understand the way I can motivate others. In my personal life, I would like to utilize these motivational factors so that I get motivated to perform better in my career. This has helped me in various ways for y academics as well as for my professional life. The learning will help me to deliver best in the exams, as this is very useful in the course. I have also mentioned that these assignments are very useful for me in the future as well. I can become a good professional if I abide by the rules and regulations of the company that I would work. In personal life these learning have enormous impacts. The area over which the research was conducted by me was vast. I had to go through various journal articles books websites and reports in order to successfully complete my research. I came across a journal article namely Egan et al. 2004 where I learned about the different aspects of organization culture. How the culture of the organization impacts the productivity of the organization along with the proper development of the employees through the enhancement of the work environment. I got to know that as the world of organization is very dynamic the expectations of the employees from the employer are also very high. Through the journal of Gagn and Deci 2005 I got to know that how the self determination theory work within the organization. How self determination can be implemented to motivate the employees and bring the best out of their efforts. After analyzing both the assignment it can be said that the main aims of the organization is to promote quality organizational culture that helps to increase the motivation of the employees. The values and beliefs help the employees in the organization to work harder and achieve the goals of the organization. The learning process helped me to understand the different acts that are put together by the organization to achieve success by assuring their employees of full support from the company. After studying the assignments thoroughly I have identified a number of different factors that are undertaken by these organizations to motivate the workers. Some of these include rewards, financial bonus, increments, promotion, insuring the employee and also promoting growth opportunities. The area over which the research was conducted by me was vast. I had to go through various journal articles books websites and reports in order to successfully complete my research. I came across a journal article namely Egan et al. 2004 where I learned about the different aspects of organization culture. How the culture of the organization impacts the productivity of the organization along with the proper development of the employees through the enhancement of the work environment. I got to know that as the world of organization is very dynamic the expectations of the employees from the employer are also very high. Through the journal of Gagn and Deci (2005) I got to know that how the self determination theory works within the organization. How self determination can be implemented to motivate the employees and bring the best out of their efforts. During my research process and my visit to the chosen company I saw that how employees take advantage of a good organization culture and bond and enhance the team work which eventually increases the productivity and development of the organization. Through the book of Hartog and Verburg (2004) I came to know about how high performance teams operate and strive in the organizations culture. High performance teams have a greater bonding s compared to the other terms. The organization culture makes them understand that although they have great personal abilities and skills it is not possible to enhance productivity and growth if they do not indulge in collaborative teamwork. Through the book of Hofstede ( 1980) I got the knowledge that how the leaders within an organization should work together to enhance the culture of the organization which would eventually lead to the development of employees and motivating them to provide extra effort towards the enhancement of the organization as a whole. Without proper leadership it is next to impossible to motivate the employees to provide the extra effort needed for the successfu l operations of an organization. In the book of Ivancevich, Matteson and Konopaske 1990 a great deal of knowledge was provided to me in relation to the management and behavior of the organization. I got the knowledge that the behavior of the organization is directly proportional to its managements. To make it simple if the organization is management in a good and ethical way the behavior of the employees and the organization as a whole is also going to be ethical. From the provided research materials I afforded to develop my own concept pertaining to the entire understanding of organisational learning. As a matter of fact it has the positive criteria to develop and elucidate how the organisational culture injects the norms and conditions within an individual. As a matter of fact, it needs to be taken in to certain condition with the help of developing own concept on this matter. Since, i have gone through different research papers while developing the literature of this topic, i afforded to be distinctive in forming idea on this very topic (Eaton and Kilby 2015). Organisational culture and the relationship of it with the working employees within an organisation were addressed during various processes of investigation. From the research process and the course i was able to structure a conceptual plinth that would help me develop further method of the investigation. With the help of the research i would be dealing with the ways in which the organisations addresses the working employees through better understanding of the actual criteria of how the employees would be effectively judging the work ethics within the organisation. As a matter of fact, the basic need is to be taken in to consideration with the help of a detailed investigation (Kaczynski, Salmona and Smith 2014). It can thus be stated the studies that i have used during my learning process needs to be evaluated and assessed during a profund investigative method. The business learning process was thus effective in creating a segment with the research learning. After analyzing both the assignment it can be said that the main aims of the organization is to promote quality organizational culture that helps to increase the motivation of the employees. The values and beliefs help the employees in the organization to work harder and achieve the goals of the organization (Jacobs et al. 2013). The learning process helped me to understand the different acts that are put together by the organization to achieve success by assuring their employees of full support from the company. After studying the assignments thoroughly I have identified a number of different factors that are undertaken by these organizations to motivate the workers. Some of these include rewards, financial bonus, increments, promotion, insuring the employee and also promoting growth opportunities. My study materials were filled with researches based on the study of the supermarkets (Manojlovic and Ketefian 2016). The organizational structures of the supermarkets were the main point that was highlighted in my learning assignment. Though very much similar to other projects it was quite different as the learning process made me aware of the motivational factors that the companies undertake to promote their business. As mentioned earlier the supermarkets like Woolworth and Aldi promote a friendly atmosphere for their employees to make sure that they enjoy their work .( Awadh and Alyahya 2013). My learning process also included the theories and models undertaken by these companies on motivation. The theories play instrumental roles to increase the performance and productivity of the organizations. These theories are pillared on five different levels. Primarily these organizations look after the psychological needs of the employees. This includes the performance factors of the employees. This learning would be very helpful for me as know I know that how organization culture effects the performance of the employees and motivates them. As a human recourses manager I would apply the learning in my organization to ensure that my organization has the best possible culture and the employees as a result are always motivated and work for the betterment of the organization. References Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015.Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Awadh, A.M. and Alyahya, M.S., 2013. Impact of organizational culture on employee performance.International Review of Management and Business Research,2(1), p.168 Eaton, D., Kilby, G. (2015). Does your organizational culture support your business strategy? Journal for Quality and Participation, 37(4), 4-7. Retrieved from https://www.asq.org Hartog, D.N. and Verburg, R.M., 2004. High performance work systems, organisational culture and firm effectiveness.Human Resource Management Journal,14(1), pp.55-78. Hofstede, G., 1980. Motivation, leadership, and organization: do American theories apply abroad?.Organizational dynamics,9(1), pp.42-63. Hogan, S.J. and Coote, L.V., 2014. Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1609-1621 Ivancevich, J.M., Matteson, M.T. and Konopaske, R., 1990. Organizational behavior and management. Jacobs, R., Mannion, R., Davies, H.T., Harrison, S., Konteh, F. and Walshe, K., 2013. The relationship between organizational culture and performance in acute hospitals.Social science medicine,76, pp.115-125. Kaczynski, D., Salmona, M., Smith, T. (2014).Qualitative research in finance. Australian Journal of Management. Manojlovich, M. and Ketefian, S., 2016. The effects of organizational culture on nursing professionalism: Implications for health resource planning.Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive,33(4). Nica, E., 2013. Organizational culture in the public sector.Economics, Management, and Financial Markets,8(2), pp.179-184.

Pagans of the Second Century AD

Paganism is the term that describes various spiritual practices and religious acts, which are not connected to Christianity. Pre-Christian Europe with Paganism, Judaism, and Islam still spread nowadays; and lots of people want to join these beliefs again. Pagans had their own ides as for significance of their lives and the things, which happened to people after their deaths. In this paper, we are going analyze the points of view of the pagans of the second century AD.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pagans of the Second Century AD specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, the word â€Å"pagan† meant any aspect â€Å"of the world focusing on connection with the land, tradition, and the old spiritual ways.† (DiZerega 2005, 5)[1] This is why Paganism started its development and referred to any person, who was not interested in Christianity; if a person did not want to follow Christianity and all its ru les, it was possible to become a pagan and dictate own rules and preferences. What the peculiarities of their ideas are, why they chose such styles of life, and what made them prefer certain ideology and prove it during a long period of time – all this will be examined within this essay, and reliable sources will be used to prove or disprove the facts concerning the history of the pagans of the 2nd century AD and their preferences in religion. It is known that â€Å"Christians spread and increased: no other cult in the Empire grew at anything like the same speed, and even as a minority, the Christians’ success raises serious questions about the blind spots in pagan cult and society.† (Fox, 272) So, Christians and pagans were always in certain conflict, this is why their relations turn out to be rather interesting issues to consider. Pagans wanted to develop more and more on the spiritual level and comprehend the responsibility of their own lives. In order to be really knowledgeable in all spheres of this life, pagans tried to practice different skills like meditation or change of energy among the people of one group. The point is that pagans wanted to make their lives better, and truly believed that their extraordinary skills could help to heal other people or have a kind of insight look at the problems of people and help them solve any of the problems. Pagans also did not want to believe in such things like original sin, atonement of vicarious sins, and even bodily resurrections. Due to such simple lack of faith, pagans’ attitude to religion, their evaluation of life itself and the life after death were quite different from those, which were inherent to the Christians of those times. Of course, â€Å"Jews, Christians, and pagans all looked towards both angels and daimons as integral parts of their lives.† (Janowits 2001, 27)[2] However, it is necessary to admit that pagans did believe in Evil of this Earth, however, all that Evil was caused by the choices of people, and Devil or Lucifer did not participate in this Evil. (Higginbotham 2002, 102)Advertising Looking for essay on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Selfish nature of people started to control their decisions and their desires, this is why Satan was considered to be people’s inhumanity to each other and even their inability to control their actions. Greeks and Romans also truly believed in Gods, and their attitude to anger of God always impressed lots of readers, even one more rain and thunder was caused by God’s wish. (Harding, 175) In pagan religion, such blind belief in Gods can be also traced. Pagans were all any race, gender, age, and class. Their mixed stereotypes did not allow to create one certain group and to call all these people Pagans. The significance of Pagans’ lives was interesting not because of the desire to dominate over the world. Th ey regarded themselves as caretakers, those people, who really respect the Earth and were eager to care about it day by day. (Eilers 2002, 91) So, the vast majority of pagans of the second century AD viewed the significance of their lives as an opportunity to take care about the earth, they lived on, and provide their generation to continue their affairs and create a great world. Such careful attitude to their Earth may be explained with the help of one simple fact – pagans really believed in the life after death. Re-incarnation was one of the most important things, inherent to all pagans, and the pagans of the second century AD in particular. However, there was no certain belief as for Afterlife, because each pagan had his/her own imagination as for the life after death. A man is dying and, as he reaches the point of greatest physical distress, he hears himself pronounced dead by his doctor. He begins to hear an uncomfortable noise, a loud ringing or buzzing, and at the same time feels himself moving very rapidly through a long dark tunnel. (Ma’sumian 2002, ix) The major point is that pagans really believed that their souls had abilities to turn back to this Earth and continue living, but in some other form of life. (Gardell 2003, 161) This reincarnation is caused because people should return again and again in order to learn and comprehend this life. People could choose a path according to which they could check their knowledge and improve it. Those people, who have certain knowledge and do not have time to share them with the other, should get an opportunity to reborn and find another way to represent significant information. This is why pagans from the second century AD believed that they could reborn after death, and their reincarnation was dependent on their actions in this life. Second Birth was seriously celebrated by the old Pagan world. (Carpenter 2007, 106)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pagans of the Second Cen tury AD specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Without any doubts, pagans played a very important role in the history of our world. Nowadays, it is known that more than 6% of the whole religious population is pagans. (York 2009, 8) This is why the ideas of pagan religion still captivate lots of people. It is crucially important to comprehend that pagans are not one separate group of people with their own rules and principles. Pagans do not have race or gender inequalities, people, who chose this belief may be of any age and class. This is why pagan religion will be always interesting to people. They do not believe in God, Heaven, or Hell. However, their respect to nature is worthy of attention and recognition. They do believe that people can reborn, and that death is only the beginning of something more significant in this world. Pagans cannot live with Christian people, because their beliefs are too different and even controversial. The co nflict of these two religions provides people with an opportunity to evaluate their pros and cons and to make the right choice in order to live and believe, taking into consideration personal preferences, interests, and desires. Bibliography Carpenter, Edward. Pagan and Christian Creeds. BiblioBazaar, 2007. DiZerega, Gus. Pagans Christians: The Personal Spiritual Experience. Llewellyn Worldwide, 2001. Eilers, Dana, D. the Practical Pagan: Common Sense Guidelines for Modern Practitioners. Career Press, 2002. Fox, Robin, L. Pagans and Christians. San Francisco: Harper and Raw.Advertising Looking for essay on ancient history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gardell, Mattias. Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism. Duke University Press, 2003 Harding, Mark. Early Christian Life and Thought in Social Context. New York: T T Clark International. Higginbotham, River. Paganism: An Introduction to Earth-Centered Religions. Llewellyn Worldwide, 2002. Janowitz, Naomi. Magic in the Roman World: Pagans, Jews, and Christians. Routlegde, 2001. Ma’sumian, Farnaz. Life after Death: A Study of the Afterlife in World Religions. Kalimat Press, 2002. York, Michael. Pagan Theology: Paganism as a World Religion. NYU Press, 2005. Footnotes DiZerega, Gus.2001. Pagans Christians: The Personal Spiritual Experience. Llewellyn Worldwide. p. 5 The author emphasizes on the five major characteristics of all pagans. Janowitz, Naomi. Magic in the Roman World: Pagans, Jews, and Christians. Routlegde, 2001. This essay on Pagans of the Second Century AD was written and submitted by user Autumn Wood to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.